Proteins Identification

As a pioneering biotechnological and environmental company, we specialize in providing advanced proteins identification of biological compound services. Our comprehensive services cater to a diverse range of industries seeking to leverage protein identification for research, development, and environmental applications. This document details the technological principles, methodologies, classifications, application areas, environmental benefits, and distinctive features of our services.

Fig 1. Highly sensitive general protein quantification through on-chip chemiluminescencec (Chiu H.K., et al., 2021)

Technical Principles

Proteins identification of biological compound services are grounded in advanced proteomic technologies. Proteomics, a burgeoning field within molecular biology, involves the large-scale study of proteomes—entire sets of proteins produced or modified by an organism or system. The identification and quantification of proteins are crucial for understanding cellular processes, disease mechanisms, and environmental impacts.

Protein identification primarily revolves around the analysis of protein sequences, structures, and functions. Using sophisticated mass spectrometry and bioinformatics tools, we accurately detect and characterize proteins from complex biological samples. This process involves several key steps:

• Sample Preparation: Proteins are extracted and purified from biological samples using techniques such as cell lysis, centrifugation, and chromatography.
• Protein Digestion: Purified proteins are enzymatically digested into peptides, commonly using trypsin, which cleaves proteins at specific sites.
• Mass Spectrometry Analysis: The peptides are ionized and introduced into a mass spectrometer, where they are separated based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) and detected.
• Data Analysis: Spectral data are analyzed using bioinformatics tools to match peptide masses and fragmentation patterns against protein sequence databases, enabling protein identification.

Molecular Basis

The molecular basis of lipids identification lies in the unique structural characteristics of lipid molecules, which include fatty acids, phospholipids, sphingolipids, sterols, and triglycerides. These molecules can be classified based on their hydrophobic or amphipathic nature and the presence of various functional groups such as esters, ethers, and alcohols.

Technological Methodologies

• Mass Spectrometry

• Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS): Enhances peptide sequencing accuracy by performing two or more rounds of mass spectrometry.
• Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI): A soft ionization technique allowing the analysis of large biomolecules.
• Electrospray Ionization (ESI): Generates ions from high-energy matrices to facilitate mass spectrometry analysis.

• Chromatography

• Liquid Chromatography (LC): Separates proteins or peptides based on their physical and chemical properties.
• Gas Chromatography (GC): Analyzes volatile compounds and hydrolyzed amino acids.

• Bioinformatics Tools

• Sequence Database Searching: Utilizes algorithms like MASCOT, SEQUEST, and X!Tandem to match MS data against protein databases.
• De Novo Sequencing: Determines peptide sequences without prior database reference, useful for novel protein identification.
• Quantitative Proteomics: Techniques like SILAC, TMT, and iTRAQ for measuring protein abundance and post-translational modifications.

Technical Classifications

Technology-based proteomic services can be classified into three main categories:

• Qualitative Proteomics: Focuses on identifying proteins present in a sample without quantifying their abundance.
• Quantitative Proteomics: Measures the relative or absolute abundance of proteins, providing insights into protein expression levels and regulatory mechanisms.
• Functional Proteomics: Investigates protein functions, interactions, and post-translational modifications to understand their roles in biological processes.

Application Areas

• Biomedical Research: Identification of biomarkers for diseases, drug target discovery, and understanding pathophysiological mechanisms.
• Agriculture: Analysis of plant proteomes for crop improvement, disease resistance, and soil health assessment.
• Environmental Monitoring: Detection of microbial communities in environmental samples and assessment of pollution impacts on ecosystems.
• Pharmaceutical Development: Profiling protein-drug interactions and monitoring therapeutic protein quality.

• Food Industry: Ensuring food safety by identifying allergenic proteins and monitoring food processing environments.
• Industrial Biotechnology: Optimization of enzyme production and functional characterization of industrial microbes.

Environmental Benefits

Our Services

Our extensive range of services includes:

• Comprehensive Protein Identification: High-precision identification of proteins from various biological samples using advanced mass spectrometry techniques.
• Quantitative Proteomics: Detailed quantification of protein expression levels, aiding in biomarker discovery and functional analysis.
• Post-Translational Modification (PTM) Analysis: Characterization of PTMs, such as phosphorylation, glycosylation, and ubiquitination, to understand protein regulation.
• Protein-Protein Interaction Studies: Investigation of protein interaction networks using co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), cross-linking, and affinity purification.
• Bioinformatics Analysis: Advanced data analysis including database searches, de novo sequencing, and functional annotation.

• Custom Proteomics Solutions: Tailored services to meet specific research and industrial needs, including method development and validation.
• Environmental Proteomics: Specialized analysis for environmental samples, focusing on microbial communities and pollutant impact assessment.

Distinctive Service Features

• Cutting-Edge Technology: We leverage state-of-the-art mass spectrometry and bioinformatics tools to ensure the highest accuracy and reliability in protein identification.
• Expert Team: Our team comprises experienced proteomics scientists and bioinformatics specialists dedicated to providing the best service and support.
• Tailored Solutions: We offer customized proteomics solutions to meet the specific needs of diverse industries and research fields.
• Comprehensive Support: From sample preparation to data interpretation, we provide end-to-end support to our clients, ensuring clarity and confidence in the results.

Our proteins identification of biological compound services offer cutting-edge technology, expertise, and comprehensive support for a wide range of applications. By leveraging our services, clients can achieve significant advancements in biomedical research, environmental monitoring, agricultural improvement, and other critical areas while contributing to environmental sustainability. Please contact us with our dedicated customer service team for more information.

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Reference

1. Chiu H.K., Tadas K., et al. "Rapid highly sensitive general protein quantification through on-chip chemiluminescence" Biomicrofluidics 2021, 15(2):024113.

Our products and services are for research use only and cannot be used for any clinical purposes.