Paecilomyces lilacinus, a well-known nematicide, is a versatile filamentous fungus that is saprophytic, entomopathogenic, mycoparasitic, and nematophagous. It targets nematodes by infecting their eggs, juveniles, and adult females, particularly those of root-knot and cyst nematodes. This fungus can thrive in temperatures ranging from 8°C to 38°C, with optimal growth between 26°C and 30°C. It also exhibits broad pH tolerance and can grow on various substrates. Extensive field trials have demonstrated that Paecilomyces lilacinus is an effective bio control agent for managing harmful root-knot nematodes.